News

The public supports organ transplants from pigs

The public supports organ transplants from pigs

Collage of illustrative images of data from the UNOS Predictive Analytics tool alongside a doctor talking with woman, and a hand resting on a blanket while getting dialysis

Research & Data

The public supports organ transplants from pigs

About the research

UNOS conducted an online survey to assess the public’s attitude toward xenotransplantation to measure public support and identify personal characteristics associated with acceptance. Over 1,400 adults participated between April 8 – July 8, 2024. People belonging to religious and racial minority groups were intentionally included in higher numbers so the results would more appropriately reflect the U.S. population.

UNOS received grant funding from Sanofi to conduct research about xenotransplantation. UNOS continues to conduct research on xenotransplantation as part of its mission.

What is porcine xenotransplantation?

Transplanting genetically modified pig organs into humans.

Key findings

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Nearly 9/10 respondents support porcine xenotransplantation
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Support varies by race, religion, political affiliation, and a person’s experience with transplantation
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Black and Muslim respondents were less supportive of xenotransplantation compared to other groups
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Over 60% shared concerns of patient safety or animal-derived disease transmission

Support for Xenotransplantation

Support using porcine organs

58.1% Agree

28.3% It depends

11.2% Disagree

2.4% Not sure

Would accept for self with similar risks and benefits

64.3% Agree

21% It depends

11.9% Disagree

2.7% Not sure

Would accept for loved one with similar risks and benefits

61.8% Agree

25.3% It depends

10.9% Disagree

2.1% Not sure

Why this matters

Xenotransplantation could shorten the waitlist by making more organs available for transplant. Understanding the public’s beliefs and concerns will help guide how the transplant community and the public are educated on xenotransplantation to ensure everyone has access to clear, accurate information.

What’s next

UNOS is assessing providers’ and transplant administrators’ attitudes towards xenotransplantation.

About UNOS research

UNOS conducts research as part of its mission to save and transform lives through research, innovation and collaboration.

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Putting patients first: UNOS’ vision for waitlist and organ offer transparency

Putting patients first: UNOS’ vision for waitlist and organ offer transparency

Collage of illustrative images of data from the UNOS Predictive Analytics tool alongside a doctor talking with woman, and a hand resting on a blanket while getting dialysis

Issues & Advocacy

Putting patients first: UNOS’ vision for waitlist and organ offer transparency

The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) recently released proposed changes to the Increasing Organ Transplant Access (IOTA) Model, which aims to increase kidney transplants nationwide. A key element of the proposal focuses on improving transparency for patients on the transplant waitlist by requiring participating hospitals to provide regular, individualized reports to patients detailing information about their waitlist status and the organ offer decisions made on their behalf.

There is no question: Ensuring patients are informed about their waitlist status and organ offer information is critical. But how this information is communicated to patients matters as much as the information itself. Complex medical details and interactions with transplant teams can become overwhelming, and physicians play an essential role in translating that complexity by helping patients and their families understand their treatment.

UNOS supports CMS’ efforts to make sure patients receive timely updates about decisions made by their care team that could affect their chances of receiving an organ — but sharing raw clinical data alone isn’t enough. True transparency means presenting information in a clear, consistent format, and in a way that does not add administrative burden to hospitals.

To achieve this balance, CMS should work with the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) and its contractors to securely transmit patient attribution lists to the OPTN, which would allow for:

  • Automatic creation of the specific reports required for each Medicare patient;
  • Easy‑to‑read, consistent formatting that patients can understand; and
  • Reduced burden on hospitals.

To make this information even more accessible to patients, CMS could also:

  • Send the reports directly to each Medicare patient after receiving them from the OPTN; or
  • Work with HRSA to hire a contractor to build a secure online portal or app where transplant patients can view these reports and educational materials.

The proposed updates to the IOTA model could enhance the patient experience by empowering them to participate more actively in their care and reduce the stress and anxiety that come with awaiting a lifesaving organ transplant. That said, the information must be presented in a way that patients can understand, and hospitals must be able to implement the IOTA requirements without a disproportionate burden.

UNOS has already begun work to support the successful implementation of CMS’ IOTA Model by developing a dashboard for transplant hospitals that helps them track the IOTA performance metrics and is ready to work with CMS and the community to develop additional tools for participants and patients.

Read UNOS’ public comment on the proposed updates to the IOTA model below.

UNOS Comment on Proposed CMS IOTA Model Updates

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UNOS responds to article in Bloomberg Government based on Grassley/Wyden allegations

UNOS responds to article in Bloomberg Government based on Grassley/Wyden allegations

On March 4, Bloomberg Government published a story based on a leaked letter from Sens. Chuck Grassley and Ron Wyden to the Health Resources and Service Administration (HRSA). The letter alleges that UNOS “deleted or modified OPTN member records” related to “member activity and patient safety.”

UNOS is setting the record straight

To be clear, UNOS did not delete any OPTN records. No files or data required by our contract with HRSA to serve the OPTN are missing, and none have been modified.

UNOS took the extraordinary measure earlier this year of providing HRSA direct access to internal operational support materials that HRSA requested, despite UNOS having no contractual obligation to provide them to HRSA. UNOS took this unusual step to demonstrate its commitment to being a good partner to HRSA.

It is deeply troubling that members of HRSA’s staff would provide Congress with incomplete and inaccurate information about our work to support OPTN modernization, which has the effect of discrediting UNOS. Meanwhile, UNOS has gone above and beyond its contractual obligations to support HRSA because we are a mission-driven organization that has advocated for patients for more than four decades. UNOS has been transparent and collaborative in all of its dealings with HRSA.

UNOS is committed to working constructively with HRSA to benefit the OPTN and to advocate for reforms that will improve our nation’s donation and transplant system.

UNOS Transplant Benchmark Report is a go-to resource

UNOS Transplant Benchmark Report is a go-to resource

Collage of illustrative images of data from the UNOS Predictive Analytics tool alongside a doctor talking with woman, and a hand resting on a blanket while getting dialysis

Research & Data

UNOS Transplant Benchmark Report is a go-to resource

From data visualizations to customized comparisons, the Transplant Benchmark Report saves time and supports data-driven decision making.

At the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), the UNOS Transplant Benchmark Report has become an indispensable tool. Yawah Nicholson, director of Transplant Quality and Performance Excellence, says her team relies on the Benchmark Report “for every single one of our discussions and quality improvement meetings.”

With the latest updates to the Benchmark Report, programs like UPMC can quickly compare their performance to previous years, national benchmarks and other transplant centers, making it easier to make data-driven decisions, track performance and identify opportunities for improvement.

Yawah Nicholson

“Without the Benchmark Report, we would be wasting so much time digging for data.”

—Yawah Nicholson, Director of Transplant Quality and Performance Excellence at University of Pittsburgh Medical Center

Nicholson says the ability “to really play around with” customizable comparisons helps UPMC understand how it measures up to both peer institutions and to higher-volume transplant programs.

“And being able to do it in real-time during quality meetings has been really nice,” she says.

Before UNOS’ Benchmark Report was available, UPMC staff spent significant time searching external sources for data. “I was doing all this research on PubMed,” Nicholson says. “Without the Benchmark Report, we would be wasting so much time digging for data.”

With immediate access to timely waitlist and transplant metrics, Nicholson can now easily answer questions during meetings, providing immediate data-driven insights. She can also use the Benchmark tool to generate charts and graphs, making it easy to visualize trends—no more poring over spreadsheets.

This data accessibility is a major advantage for transplant centers of all sizes, especially smaller programs that lack dedicated analysts.

Nicholson is also a big fan of the report’s estimated creation time feature, calling it “chef’s kiss.”

The UNOS Transplant Benchmark Report helps clinical leaders like Nicholson work with more agility, clarity and confidence. Having real-time access to high-quality data at her fingertips “has been a really cool change,” she says, giving UPMC the insight it needs to improve outcomes, plan resources and expand access to lifesaving transplant care.

Explore the UNOS Transplant Benchmark Report

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UNOS applauds inclusion of organ donation and transplantation reforms in FY26 Federal Funding Package

UNOS responds to article in Bloomberg Government based on Grassley/Wyden allegations

Today, the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) celebrated the passage of the Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education funding bill for Fiscal Year 2026. The report accompanying the bill includes directives that advance every element of UNOS’ advocacy agenda. These four critical reforms will strengthen organ donation and transplantation across the country and help save more lives.

“It’s critical that every patient gets the transplant they need, which is why we have been working with community partners to push for these critical improvements that will help save lives. These efficient and common-sense reforms will strengthen the organ donation and transplant system,” said UNOS Interim CEO Mark Johnson. “We thank the U.S. Senate and House leaders, U.S. Sens. Shelley Moore Capito (R-WV) and Tammy Baldwin (D-WI) and U.S. Reps. Robert Aderholt (R-AL) and Rosa DeLauro (D-CT), for championing the inclusion of these policies to strengthen our nation’s system for patients.”

The report accompanying the Consolidated Appropriations Act 2026 directs the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) to act on several critical improvements to the system that will make organ donation and transplant more effective for patients and their families. Specifically:

  • Directs HHS to develop a report on automated deceased donor referral software tools. These tools are a critical step towards efficiently identifying and referring every potential organ donor, ultimately increasing lives saved through organ transplantation.
  • Supports the adoption of real-time organ tracking during transit. Tracking technologies will improve transparency in organ transportation nationwide and ensure that precious donated organs reach recipients swiftly and securely.
  • Urges HRSA to implement the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Organ Transportation Working Group recommendations. The Working Group recommendations are essential to ensure the timely and safe delivery of organs by commercial airlines, reducing logistical barriers and improving coordination among all stakeholders involved in organ delivery.
  • Aids the transplantation of medically complex kidneys. Requires HRSA to submit a report to Congress outlining strategies to ensure performance metrics do not penalize hospitals for accepting complex kidney transplants, offering hope to thousands of patients awaiting transplant.

For more information on how UNOS is working with Congress to strengthen the organ donation and transplant system, visit unos.org/advocacy.

About UNOS

The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) is a nonprofit organization that serves the organ donation and transplant system and broader public health community through its work developing new technologies and initiatives, conducting data-driven research and analysis, providing expert consulting services, advocating for patients, and being a leader in bringing communities together to save lives.

UNOS responds to CMS proposed rule; celebrates progress for patients

UNOS responds to article in Bloomberg Government based on Grassley/Wyden allegations

The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) strongly supports the important steps outlined in the proposed rule from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), which advances two critical reforms we have long championed: modernizing donor referral with electronic referrals from the donor hospital to the OPO and improving the tracking of donated organs in transit to transplant hospitals. Automated Deceased Donor Referral (ADR) and organ transportation have been key pillars of UNOS’ agenda in recent years, and we are confident that CMS implementing these two proposals will improve the system for patients.

ADR has already shown transformative potential, in one small study increasing donor referrals by 333%, and every additional donor can save up to eight lives. These are the kinds of significant improvements that patients deserve.

Every donated organ is a gift of life, and should not be lost, delayed in transit or damaged. The proposed requirement for organ procurement organizations (OPOs) to report transportation-related adverse events brings long-needed transparency and accountability to the process, paving the way for nationwide improvements and reinforcing the urgency of establishing a real-time national organ tracking system.

With more than 108,000 people awaiting transplant in the United States, every step forward counts. We need momentum and urgency. These bold, practical actions from CMS represent meaningful progress for patients, families, the organ donation and transplant community, and all Americans.

Read more about UNOS’ proposed reforms and advocacy work.